I've never seen anyone take their final exam a 3rd time.
It is a long process and people fail at each level. It isn't specifically down to training because the number of people that do succeed. The whole process is designed to sift out those who cannot make it as a Driver. There are many facets to being a Driver and each stage takes its toll.
Rules certainly suit the more academic. There is a fair amount of study to do and some rules can be overly complex as well as always having that "however" aspect.
Traction is more hands on and whilst there is still an element of study it is more a practical knowledge and technical/mechanical understanding of things.
Driving is a whole different ball game. It has hit people pretty hard and having to be 100% at 0400 in the morning can be detrimental for some. Then you flip to a 0200 finish !
Driving is strange at the best of times and it is very different to what you expect. The many bells and whistles can be overwhelming at first and trying to pull the knowledge out right when you need it at speed can be daunting.
It can also be unpleasant at times. Passengers aren't well known for being the best of people and some times you do see the worst of people and that does affect you.
Driving is a very visual thing. You need to be constantly looking and absorbing visual information. Again, this can be overwhelming.
Driving can be high pressure and the final exam is quite heavy. You have your hand held all the way through and you have lots of support. Suddenly removing that hand holding and suddenly being the only person responsible is the penultimate hurdle. It does get to people.
Finally... There are still those that "slip through" and are capable at all levels but for some reason just don't make it as a Driver. Whether its incidents or general employment issues. There are still some who don't last. It is not just failure either. Some quit.