As in the UK, you do need ID proof when opening a dutch bank account, as well as proof of address. Even I needed that as a dutch subject when I went to live there again in 1999. My tenancy agreement plus passport was sufficient for me and I was done within 10 minutes. Colleagues from outside the Netherlands needed to show some more paperwork, I can't remember exactly what, possibly proof of income (work contract.)
My mother hasn't lived in the Netherlands for 40 years, but still has several dutch bank accounts, the statements are sent to her Uk address.
To be officially resident in the Netherlands, you need to register at your local council office (called inschrijven) within 7 days of moving into the area. They also need ID, and if you are non a dutch national, you need to have registered with the 'Alien police' 1st.
As you can easily redeem any credit on an OV card from any OV agent, there is no discrimination against people from other countries. Same as if you want a refund from M&S, you simply walk into the store.I have an expired OV card (January 2015) with about 30 on it which I was told last year I could get refunded or exchanged onto a new card on my next visit (I live in the UK) after the actual expiry.