Interesting to analyse performance of the HST's vs 170's on the Highland Main Line. The HST's are more than capable of maintaining line speed on the climbs - whereas the 170's struggle. Hence the linespeed profile seems to have been optimised for the 170's.
As an example HST's maintain 75mph from Dalwhinnie southbound to Drumochter summit, while the 170's top out at 65mph in that 2nd to 3rd gear change speed zone - often hunting between the two. So a HST gains 30 seconds on the climb - by being able to maintain line speed - which in reality could be 80 to 90mph with ease. In fact the linespeed 'downhill in the opposite direction to Dalwhinnie is 80/90SP. South of Drumochter - the 170's take advantage of the 80/90SP speed differential and claws back most of the lost time by running 10mph faster downhill.
Interestingly in the northbound direction the 170's are allowed 70mph thanks to a 60/70SP allowance - but here again they struggle - dropping as low as 55mph on that climb. Whereas the HST's can hold their 60mph allowance with ease.
On average it seems that HST's will gain at least 3/4 min on each station start due to the fast acceleration - but smarter braking on the 170's (possibly mitigated by the fact that HST's are running early and therefore drivers taking it easier on the brakes ) does seem to claw back some time - seemingly 15 to 20 seconds.
It does seem that to utilise the full potential of the HST's many of the existing line speed limits need to be tweaked to match the short HST acceleration profile where they were originally set to match a Class 170's acceleration profile. And when the 170's are fully loaded, they are even slower.
Be. interesting to see what tweaks if any are made to the speed limits along that route. I wonder how much a limiting factor for higher speeds is the extensive use of absolute block semaphore signalling used along vast stretches of line.