And maybe the better question to ask would be, why is the council tax in hampshire so high? and what is it spend on?
A lot of people in this thread seem to just be complaining that TfL is too generous, but:
- before covid TfL was funded by fares and local taxes, not national government (for operating expenses)
- a larger portion of the TfL funding came from fares than almost any comparable system across the world
- central government covid funding was much more restrictive for TfL than it was for any other public transport operator across the country
The main reason TfL has financial problems is COVID. This doesn't mean it won't have to be fixed, but it definitely wasn't predictable and absolutely isn't the fault of the people in london or the mayor.
To be honest though, increasing the TfL council tax precept might be a good way to close the funding gap, alongside options such as increasing the congestion charge and ULEZ charge (either in spatial coverage or in height, or a combination of both).
Well, there's loads of studies out there, an example would be this london-based, pre-covid study which found a decrease in car use and ownership following the introduction of LTNs, including that car usage reduced by 17 minutes a week post-LTN introduction:
https://findingspress.org/article/1...y-of-outer-london-active-travel-interventions.
There's this one that found a large reduction of car traffic within LTNs and a small reduction in car travel on roads surrounding LTNs, but this was during covid, so the results are possibly less robust:
https://www.centreforlondon.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/CFL-StreetShift-LTNs-Final.pdf
and there's this 2001 study (covering 200 cases of LTNs worldwide) that found that traffic REDUCED by on average 20%, though it notes the effects vary depending on local circumstances:
https://nacto.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/disappearing_traffic_cairns.pdf
And this is by no means a complete list. There is lots of evidence, from around the world, that LTNs do not generally displace car traffic, but instead evaporate it
This is covered in this post already: the number of private hire drivers increased massively to just before covid: