I’ve heard of a couple of times recently where some passengers are refusing to show their tickets to guards on TOCs that have been affected by industrial action, as a form of retaliation. Am I correct in thinking this puts them in breach of section 5 of RoRa 1889?
If, after refusing to show their ticket, they also refuse to pay their fare or provide their correct name and address, then yes - they are committing an offence under Section 5 of the Regulation of Railways Act 1889. So, if they wanted to avoid an accusation of being in breach of RoRA they could simply provide their name and address - upon which the TOC could write to the passenger and demand payment of the fare, or proof that is has already been paid. That being said, as per
Corbyn v Saunders [1978] 1 W.L.R. 400, if the passenger is not contacted, and they do not proactively try to make arrangements to pay any outstanding fare(s), that may be considered as intent to avoid payment of the fare under Section 5(3)(a) of RoRA.
However, it is noteworthy that, as written, an offence under Byelaw 18(2) of the Railway Byelaws 2005 is committed if the passenger refuses to show their ticket. If none of the three defences in Byelaw 18(3) apply (i.e. verbal or written permission to board without a ticket, or no ticketing facilities at boarding station), the offence is complete regardless of whether the passenger subsequently pays their fare, or provides their correct name and address. I believe that Byelaw 18 is not lawful -
see thread here - but that is how the law is written, and until such time as it is challenged, that is the way it will, unfortunately, be applied in Court!