.....Thatch was far from correct in all she did (for one thing, she didn't like railways and wouldn't invest in public infrastructure) ....
In an otherwise well argued post I really do have to disagree with you on this point.
It is incorrect to say that Mrs Thatcher did not like the Railways and did not invest in them. The FIRST ever station re-openings took place under her Government, as well as several electrfication schemes, new rolling stock orders, new resignalling schemes - remember Clapham was due to a resignalling scheme, and Southall took place on the section over which the Heathrow Express link was being constructed.
You may wish to contrast the actions of previous Labour Governments in the time leading up to the 1979 Election - particularly the points where they LIED about there true intents, something they are extremelly good at and practiced again to a fine art when the returned to power.
Starting off with the Beeching Report
The Conservative Government had authorised the closure of
600 miles of track following acceptance of the Beeching Report.
On 15th October 1964, a Labour Government was elected and remained in power until 18th June 1970.
On 24th May 1966, Barbara Castle announced that the Labour Government would be closing
3,000 miles of track.
The 1968 Transport Act which was to be so disastrous for the future of the nationalised railway system was developed and implemented by Barbara Castle as Transport Minister.
The most savage cuts in the Railway network were undertaken under a Labour Government NOT by a Conservative Government. The Rose-Tinted spectacle brigade will not like this of course because it pulls the rug out from under their Political argument, but then of course they never have let the facts spoil a good lie.
Turning now to the 1970's.
The Conservative Government took power in June 1970.
When the railway union leaders met Richard Marsh (Chairman of the BRB) on 18th June 1973 they were told that the Minister for Transport had asked the Board to undertake a further review, as financial trends showed that the railways had little prospect of meeting their statutory requirements.
The Board eventually presented two options to the Minister for Transport, John Peyton - a cutback of the railway system by 1,000 miles, or maintenance of the system at the present rate, by doubling its subsidy to £170 million a year. The Conservative Government concluded that the existing network should be retained, but 40,000 posts should be lost over a 9 year period and that a reduction in marshalling yards, parcels depots and locomotives was required.
John Peyton met railway Trade Union leaders three times in November 1973 and confirmed that according to the BRB's studies there was no prospect that the railway industry, based on its existing size, could make a profit in the foreseeable future.
He told the Unions, in confidence, that the Government was to provide the BRB with £891 million for a five year investment programme. Of this, £531 million would be allocated to the commercial railway, £300 million to the commuter network, £41 million for the Channel Tunnel and £19 million would go towards the Advanced Passenger Train.
The British Railways Board was satisfied that it would be just sufficient to retain the network at its present size.
The Minister announced the details of BR's investment programme to the House of Commons on 28th November 1973 and added that unremunerative passenger services would be kept open, as long as they were justified on social and environmental grounds.
In 1974 a Labour Government was elected to power.
The Government introduced the Railway Act (1974), which provided a general subsidy to passenger services, grants for the provision of new private sidings and freight facilities, and Government support for railway workers' pensions.
The Channel Tunnel project was cancelled.
On 21st February 1975, after a vigorous campaign to retain the Sealink Heysham-Belfast service, Fred Mulley announced that he would not be seeking statutory powers to ensure its survival, and the service was discontinued on 6th April.
This was followed by a leak to the press that a study by the Department of the Environment was giving consideration to converting railway lines into express bus lanes.
The Chancellor, in his 1975 budget, decided to slash £100 million from the nationalised industries' investment programme for the next financial year, and in August the BRB was told that their investment programme would be reduced by £25 million - 25 per cent of the total cuts.
On 30th October 1975 both the BRB and the railway Trade Unions approached the Minister for Transport, Dr. John Gilbert. Both management and unions emphasised the importance of clear Government policies, with adequate investment to ensure that the BRB could fulfil its role. Dr. Gilbert defended the Government's actions and said that the fears expressed by both the BRB and the trade unions were not totally justified.
On the 16th December 1975 Anthony Crosland told the House of Commons that rumours of a massive cut in the rail network were "a load of codswallop"
On 22nd December 1975, Anthony Crosland announced that railway investment up to 1981 would be restricted to the 1975 figure of £238 million for each year, based on average 1975 price levels. This was in effect a cutback in support bearing in mind the inflation rate at the time.
The railway Trade Unions estimated that there was a real possibility of the railway network being cut to 4,000 miles, with jobs falling to 95,000 by 1981.
The BRB when asked believed it would become a reality by 1985
On 13th April 1976 a Green Paper - "Transport Policy: A Consultation Document" was issued by the Government. Neither the railway Trade Unions nor the BRB were consulted during its preparation.
The main thrust of the Green Paper was to cut subsidies and investment and to eliminate some passenger and freight traffic. It ignored many Labour Party policies and paid lip service to others.
The Green Paper also indicated that 6 per cent of the railway's business was carried on lines that were little used and running at a loss. These lines would be closed, with buses introduced as the alternative.
The full extent of the Government's closure programme only became clear following a Parliamentary question by an NUR sponsored MP, Gordon Bagier, on 24th May 1976.
He was told that the 6 per cent of the mileage referred to actually covered 199 services, which shared approximately 45 per cent of the railway route network with other lines. This meant that Wales, with the exception of the main lines to Swansea and Holyhead, and Scotland, north of Edinburgh and Glasgow, would be dependent on buses and private cars. Cornwall would face similar problems and there would be drastic reductions in East Anglia, the Midlands, the North East and North West of England. In all it was believed that 2,452 miles of lines in England, 1,117 in Scotland and 641 in Wales would be affected.
In June 1977 the Government issued a White Paper which set the BRB two objectives - to contain and then reduce the subsidy to the revenue account for the operation of passenger services, and to eliminate any support to the other railway businesses beyond 1977.
On 27th March 1979, BR announced that it was considering closing 700 miles of track and replacing it with buses, as it could not continue to run loss-making services within the cash limits set by Whitehall.
On 3rd May 1979 the Labour Government was voted out of power.