From
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Grove,_Watford
Since 1900:
"In the early 20th century, death duties, a form of taxation introduced in 1894 by the Liberal Government, was placing an increasing financial burden on landed gentry and was responsible for the breaking up of many large estates across Britain.[8] In the 1920s, in order to reduce their tax liabilities, the Villiers family decided to sell The Grove, downsizing their holdings to their estate at Swanmore, Hampshire. Also at around this time, nearby Cassiobury House was sold off by the widow of George Capell, 7th Earl of Essex in 1922 due to prohibitive death duties.[9]
After the sale, The Grove was then used as a gardening school, a health centre (National Institute of Nutrition and College of Dietetics), a riding school, and a girls' boarding school.[10] It was the wartime headquarters of one of the Big Four consolidated railway companies. It became a management training centre for the British Transport Commission and later British Rail.[11]
In 1996, the estate was acquired by Ralph Trustees Ltd, at which time the mansion was extended and converted into a hotel.[12] Jeremy Blake, an architect with listed buildings and sustainability expertise, was appointed to undertake these works. The Grove is a former AA Hotel of the Year and was voted the UK's Favourite Leisure Hotel by Condé Nast Traveler readers in 2008.[13]
The formal gardens were designed by the Chelsea Flower Show Gold Medallist and judge, Michael Balston.[12] Other features include an 18-hole championship golf course designed by the Californian Kyle Phillips.[14] The golf course is laid out to the south and east of the house (which is on a low hill above the valley of the river Gade) with its eastern border reaching to the western bank of the Grand Union Canal (that incorporates the Gade in this part of the valley) and its southern border adjacent to the golf course of the West Hert Golf Club.[15][16]
In 2006, it was the venue of the WGC-American Express Championship golf tournament.[17] It was the venue for the April 2009 G20 London summit.[18][19]
The 2013 Bilderberg Conference took place in the hotel[20] and in 2016 it hosted the British Masters golf tournament.[21] It also hosted the 2019 NATO Leaders' Meeting, chaired by the NATO Secretary General, on 4 December 2019.[22]"