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Re-doubling of single track lines or reinstatement of passing loops

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30907

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End of the Summer 1987 timetable, a result of sectorisation with the line becoming solely the responsibility of Provincial (as opposed to under the Western Region budget). There where a lot of track and signalling works which Intercity Sector wasn’t prepared to contribute money for and Regional Railways didn’t all those assets so the branch was rationalised.
Not entirely surprising, since the weekday service didn't require either St Dennis Jn or extra platforms at Newquay, and the summer Saturday traffic was much thinner than 20 years earlier (and could be all-HST too).
For everyone that says sectorisation was wonderful there were trade-offs and Intercity making a profit was all very well but it starved some marginal routes that had limited Intercity traffic of investment.
Agree - though I'm not sure we'd have got the direct Burngullow to St Dennis line even under Regional management.
 
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Gloster

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End of the Summer 1987 timetable, a result of sectorisation with the line becoming solely the responsibility of Provincial (as opposed to under the Western Region budget). There where a lot of track and signalling works which Intercity Sector wasn’t prepared to contribute money for and Regional Railways didn’t all those assets so the branch was rationalised.

For everyone that says sectorisation was wonderful there were trade-offs and Intercity making a profit was all very well but it starved some marginal routes that had limited Intercity traffic of investment.

St Dennis Junction closed in December 1986 and Newquay in October 1987.
 

MarkyT

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Agree - though I'm not sure we'd have got the direct Burngullow to St Dennis line even under Regional management.
In the early/mid 1980s, I was a trainee in the WR signalling drawing office and assigned for a period to the development section. ISTR it was around this time they were working up a scheme for this. I wasn't involved directly and had other things to do, but recall being told the primary driver for the job was the A30 road dualling project which had one option that removed part of the existing rail route where it ran parallel between Victoria and Goss Moor to accomodate the second carriageway, and also abolished some level crossings on side roads and a low rail overbridge (still there on the old road). That option would have seen the road budget paying in large part for the rail diversion via Burngullow. The road scheme was delayed for many years and then a different routing was adopted which didn't require the railway works.
 

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A common mistake is to assume that single lead junctions were introduced as a cost-saving measure. While acknowledging that they had their disadvantages, they offered several advantages that made them attractive to track engineers.

Replacing a double junction with a single lead junction usually produced a better track alignment on the existing solum, enabling higher speed movements on and off the branch line.

The switches and crossings on a double junction are concentrated into a small space whereas they're spread out on a single lead junction, which enables greater use of standard track components and easier maintenance. Rail creep problems are also much reduced.

Many of the double junctions that were replaced by single lead junctions had a switch diamond rather than a fixed diamond, so the number of controlled point ends (four) stayed the same. Eliminating switch diamonds is beneficial to maintenance and reliability.

The crossover inherent in a single lead junction can give flexibility for turnback movements or bi-directional running, or it may enable the removal of an existing crossover.
I was told my a mutual friend of ours many years ago that the ill-fated 1991 Newton layout basically saved 50 feet of plain track.
 

lachlan

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Blair Atholl to Dalwhinnie was singled in the 1960s and then redoubled in the 1970s.

A good photo on RailScot website with the barren snowy landscape and recently lifted line shown here.
Sounds like a complete waste of time and incredibly short sighted
 

Recessio

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Wasn’t it originally singled following a serious land slip in the cutting? If so, major earthworks would be needed to restore the two-track formation; almost certainly not worth it given its short length.

I hadn't heard of that - I do remember reading it was kept singled/gauntleted when Tramlink launched in 2000 because of the retaining wall for a car park that extends into the original double-track bed. Presumably since then they found a way to resolve this? (removing a few feet off the end of the car park ought to do it).
 

steamybrian

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I hadn't heard of that - I do remember reading it was kept singled/gauntleted when Tramlink launched in 2000 because of the retaining wall for a car park that extends into the original double-track bed. Presumably since then they found a way to resolve this? (removing a few feet off the end of the car park ought to do it).
The line was originally singled in BR days as the retaining wall was in danger of collapse. Supporting buttresses were installed in the trackbed to support the wall. It will take more than "removing a few feet off the end of the car park" to resolve it.
 

InOban

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Blair Atholl to Dalwhinnie was singled in the 1960s and then redoubled in the 1970s.

A good photo on RailScot website with the barren snowy landscape and recently lifted line shown here.
Was it not also singled between Inverness and Culloden viaduct, and redoubled at the same time?
 

Gloster

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Was it not also singled between Inverness and Culloden viaduct, and redoubled at the same time?

The double-track from Inverness to Daviot was cut back to Culloden Moor in March 1968, but I don’t think that it has changed since.
 

Wilts Wanderer

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Was the redoubling of Blair Atholl to Dalwhinnie not a result of the discovery of North Sea oilfields which hadn’t been identified when the line was singled in the 1960s?
 

Gloster

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Was the redoubling of Blair Atholl to Dalwhinnie not a result of the discovery of North Sea oilfields which hadn’t been identified when the line was singled in the 1960s?

Indeed, that is what has been said. However, the increased amount of general tourism was also a factor,
 

XAM2175

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I was told my a mutual friend of ours many years ago that the ill-fated 1991 Newton layout basically saved 50 feet of plain track.
IIRC the remodelling was sponsored by Inter City and its purpose, apart from simplifying the layout, was to increase speeds on the main line.
Yes, it's noted in the report that Intercity wanted to lift the line speed to 90 mph.
 

Revaulx

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The line was originally singled in BR days as the retaining wall was in danger of collapse. Supporting buttresses were installed in the trackbed to support the wall. It will take more than "removing a few feet off the end of the car park" to resolve it.
Ah - so I hadn’t dreamed it. Thanks!
 

swt_passenger

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The line was originally singled in BR days as the retaining wall was in danger of collapse. Supporting buttresses were installed in the trackbed to support the wall. It will take more than "removing a few feet off the end of the car park" to resolve it.
Someone started a separate thread about this section over in “Light Rail”, it includes a photo clearly showing the massive concrete buttresses holding up the land:
 

Recessio

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The line was originally singled in BR days as the retaining wall was in danger of collapse. Supporting buttresses were installed in the trackbed to support the wall. It will take more than "removing a few feet off the end of the car park" to resolve it.

Someone started a separate thread about this section over in “Light Rail”, it includes a photo clearly showing the massive concrete buttresses holding up the land:

Christ those buttresses were far larger than I remember - definitely a larger job than removing a few feet after all!
 

HSTEd

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Someone started a separate thread about this section over in “Light Rail”, it includes a photo clearly showing the massive concrete buttresses holding up the land:
This does raise a questtoin - if ETCS with onboard train completeness checking ever becomes common [eliminating the need for axle counters etc]- how long would a section of single track have to be before the cost of the point mechanisms and associated equipment was less than the added cost of gauntlet track?
 

DelW

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Which is a slightly curious one as it seems to be of limited use - like the southern loops at Llandeilo and Llandovery, there are no passenger trains timetabled to pass there. Train crew route knowledge limits mean that regular services can only pass each other at Llandrindod or Llanwrtyd.
Trains pass at Llandeilo at around 7.05am each day
They also pass at Knighton at around 7am each weekday

The December timetable introduces an additional through train on the HoWL, meaning trains now cross at Knighton at 12:12 - 12:17 on weekdays as well as at (now) 06:25. Early trains still pass at Llandeilo at 06:45 - 06:50; other trains pass each other between Llandeilo and Llanelli, but must do so on the double track south of Morlais Junction.
 

zwk500

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This does raise a questtoin - if ETCS with onboard train completeness checking ever becomes common [eliminating the need for axle counters etc]- how long would a section of single track have to be before the cost of the point mechanisms and associated equipment was less than the added cost of gauntlet track?
Any length given now would be out of date as all the costs, long- and short-term, would have changed by the time ETCS L3 comes in. But an important factor would be if standard equipment (e.g. Tampers) could still carry out maintenance or if it would need separate procedures. Given that ETCS with on-board completeness detection would also be accompanied by in-cab (and almost certainly moving-block) signalling, it may be preferable for operational reasons just to have the single track to allow bi-di working crossovers or reversals, etc.
 

geoffk

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Part of the double track WCML in the Trent Valley was quadrupled in the 2000s but I'm not sure of the exact extent.
 

zwk500

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Part of the double track WCML in the Trent Valley was quadrupled in the 2000s but I'm not sure of the exact extent.
Presumably the area around Armitage
Rugby to Colwich Jn had been a mix of 2, 3, and 4 track prior to the West Coast Modernistation, it is now 4 tracks from Rugby to Brinklow, then 3 tracks until just before Nuneaton and 4 tracks from Nuneaton to Colwich Jn. Somebody else will need to chip in with the historic layouts.
 

MarkyT

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Any length given now would be out of date as all the costs, long- and short-term, would have changed by the time ETCS L3 comes in. But an important factor would be if standard equipment (e.g. Tampers) could still carry out maintenance or if it would need separate procedures. Given that ETCS with on-board completeness detection would also be accompanied by in-cab (and almost certainly moving-block) signalling, it may be preferable for operational reasons just to have the single track to allow bi-di working crossovers or reversals, etc.
It is also very unlikely that ALL fixed train detection will ever be abolished. Around junctions particularly, some 'deadlocking' axle counter sections are usually retained in moving block systems on metros to double check that a junction is really clear before allowing points to move, a very important consideration! That is the case with the SelTrac system employed on various TfL lines, including DLR, and long sections between junctions have an axle counter overlay which proves all trains in one direction have cleared before the direction can be changed or an out-of-course movement verbally authorised after equipment failure. I doubt there will be moving block under Level 3 technology on main lines. It is not really necessary for capacity except in station platforms where it might be considered a fully protected 'advanced permissive' to allow a second train in behind one still pulling away. Elsewhere, the virtual fixed block concept is most likely, where block markers are retained but employ passive balise and odometry based detection techniques instead of axle counters or track circuits, using on-board knowledge of train length and completeness to determine reliably when the train has moved clear of the block limits.

I don't know of any current examples of interlaced/gauntlet track on heavy rail mainlines in the UK, but such installations would be interlocked just like the junctions of a conventional single line section. As such they would most likely be equipped with fixed train detection to determine the foul section is totally clear before authorising a movement in the opposing direction. I think your assessment of the flexibity benefits of conventional single lines sections using points, is correct.
 
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zwk500

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MadMac

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Some I don’t think have been mentioned:

Annan-Gretna Junction
Lugton-Lochridge Junction
Going back a bit further, dynamic loop at Hairmyres (not a redoubling, completely new second track) and Belmont-Dalrymple Junction which went from two single lines back to double.
 

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The Birmingham & West Midlands Railway Atlas (Brown, Ian Allan, 2016) shows Tamworth-Lichfield and Lichfield-Armitage Junction as being quadrupled in September and May 2008.
 

snowball

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Going back a bit further, dynamic loop at Hairmyres (not a redoubling, completely new second track) and Belmont-Dalrymple Junction which went from two single lines back to double.
Isn't the Hairmyres loop too short to be called a dynamic loop? Or does dynamic loop mean something different from what I thought?
 

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Wasn't Rugby to Brinklow 3 tracks with one bidirectional?

I think Rugby to Nuneaton was only resignalled for bi-di running but had always been 4 Tracks Rugby-Brinklow and 3 tracks Brinklow-South of Nuneaton. (Am open to correction on that). It was 4 tracks Nuneaton-Tamworth then 2 track Tamworth to Armitage Jn with loops at Lichfield, see: https://www.railwaypeople.com/Page/news-article-trent-valley-traverse-339

It used to be Down Slow - Down Fast - Up Fast - Up Slow from Rugby to Brinklow, from where there was a single Down line to Attleborough Junction, south of Nuneaton, where four tracks resumed. The Down Slow from Rugby to Brinklow was taken out in the early 1980s and relaid in the 2000s; I think (not sure) that the Down Fast and Down Slow are now transposed.
 

swt_passenger

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It used to be Down Slow - Down Fast - Up Fast - Up Slow from Rugby to Brinklow, from where there was a single Down line to Attleborough Junction, south of Nuneaton, where four tracks resumed. The Down Slow from Rugby to Brinklow was taken out in the early 1980s and relaid in the 2000s; I think (not sure) that the Down Fast and Down Slow are now transposed.
Yes they are transposed, because the overall layout was effectively rearranged through Rugby so that the down fast line runs between the two slow lines that go through platforms 1 and 2. It’s been mentioned a few times in these forums that if Brinklow to Nuneaton was ever to get the missing fourth line installed there’d be a need to untangle the down lines somehow, which might actually need another flyover. The roughly 6 mile stretch of single line effectively acts a flat crossover for the slow line traffic to switch sides.
 
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