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Reopen Penrith to Workington via Keswick

PlexiDriver

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So I'm sure this is not the first time this has been covered in this forum so I added a little extra for new discussion!

Reopening the Penrith to Keswick line but then continuing it on through Cockermouth and to Workington.

Here is the general outlook for both sections. (Red is the alternative "new" route around Bassenthwaite lake that does not follow the old alignment - the thicker yellow section is a tunnel proposal as the old alignment now forms the A66 and is a vital road link to the area)

The entire route would be built using only ERTMS signalling, not colour light, this is the save on infrastructure and improve line speed. Screenshot 2024-05-20 115044.png

The route from Penrith to Keswick is the "easiest" section of the line to build. Much of the old bed has been protected and therefore there would be very little clearance before work could begin. However, the first section:

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115104.png

This is slightly different from the original, which can still be seen looping around Newbiggin to the North, becoming coming back down between Newbiggin and Greystoke Gill. It's a rather superfluous section so this proposal calls to create a straight section of track, next to the A66 instead, ideally shortening journey times. Again following much of the old alignment, it would require 2 small bridges that go over B-roads that connect to the A66, along with the junction being built to the West Coast Mainline, most of which the old areas are still intact.

This next section would require a larger bridge over the A66 itself, again using the old embankments which are still, for the most part, intact.

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115115.png

The next stage would be following the route into Keswick. Using the old alignment that has been saved for this very reason. A new station could be built or even half of the old one could be bought back and used. The leisure centre at the end of the old line has now gone out of business, therefore, as part of this, it is one of the few large buildings that would need to be demolished for the line to continue onto Cockermouth and Workington.

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115129.png
Screenshot 2024-05-20 120809.png

From here, its the same as the old route until the A66 Roundabout on the outskirts of Keswick. However it would require some minimal land buyback as a section is now a single house's back garden.

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115137.png

This is where the proposal diverges. For now we will follow the original route, or the yellow route. Which tracks west of Bassenthwaite Lake, following more or less the original alignment. However with some bridges needed to cross the A66 in several places.

What really holds up this particular proposal is that there is no room around the lake to build the line without some form of tunnelling, which would considerably increase the cost of the line. It is therefore not the preferred option. But I left it in if someone wanted to make a case for it.

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115146.png

Screenshot 2024-05-20 115201.png

This would then join back to the area in which the A66 diverges from the old alignment towards Cockermouth.
Screenshot 2024-05-20 115222.png

Much of the old track bed has been built over in Cockermouth however there is just enough space to create a line through the town, leaving a station is an easily accessible area without having to demolish much at all. In fact the station could be located reasonably close to where the original was.

The line then cuts across the A66 roundabout until it picks up the original alignment all the way to Workington.

An estimated cost for this would be somewhere in the region of £500m-£780m, with the lower amount hoping to save on infrastructure that is needed with colour light signals. Instead relying on in-cab signalling with ETCS.

The red line is a relatively simple one and I can't include photos as I can only include 9, but it follows the route of the recent Water Works that has scarred the landscape in that area, showing that a straight route could be plotted in that area. It may also be the better route, as it would be cheaper than tunnelling through one of the fells.

The business case is clear, tourism is a major part of the lake district and link West Cumbria to the Lakes is important for the regions economic growth and would allow for a much easier spread of jobs west than is currently possible.

EDIT: I'd even suggest, although I think this to be unlikely, reopening of the Eamont Junction (South facing at Penrith), you could run trains from Manchester and London to Workington and through Keswick, express, a little like the Windermere branch now. Going even further the opening of a spur to Appleby (much of the track bed remains intact), it could even be a diversionary route for trains on the WCML, making the destination of Keswick more appealing.

Stations along the line would be:

Penrith - Stainton - Threlkeld - Keswick - Cockermouth - Brigham - Workington

Let me know what you all think!
 
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The Planner

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Don't assume ETCS will give you higher line speeds, not that this would need anything about 60 or 75mph anyway.

Where have your costs come from, and why is the business case clear?
 

Sad Sprinter

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So I'm sure this is not the first time this has been covered in this forum so I added a little extra for new discussion!

Reopening the Penrith to Keswick line but then continuing it on through Cockermouth and to Workington.

Here is the general outlook for both sections. (Red is the alternative "new" route around Bassenthwaite lake that does not follow the old alignment - the thicker yellow section is a tunnel proposal as the old alignment now forms the A66 and is a vital road link to the area)

The entire route would be built using only ERTMS signalling, not colour light, this is the save on infrastructure and improve line speed. View attachment 158421

The route from Penrith to Keswick is the "easiest" section of the line to build. Much of the old bed has been protected and therefore there would be very little clearance before work could begin. However, the first section:

View attachment 158422

This is slightly different from the original, which can still be seen looping around Newbiggin to the North, becoming coming back down between Newbiggin and Greystoke Gill. It's a rather superfluous section so this proposal calls to create a straight section of track, next to the A66 instead, ideally shortening journey times. Again following much of the old alignment, it would require 2 small bridges that go over B-roads that connect to the A66, along with the junction being built to the West Coast Mainline, most of which the old areas are still intact.

This next section would require a larger bridge over the A66 itself, again using the old embankments which are still, for the most part, intact.

View attachment 158423

The next stage would be following the route into Keswick. Using the old alignment that has been saved for this very reason. A new station could be built or even half of the old one could be bought back and used. The leisure centre at the end of the old line has now gone out of business, therefore, as part of this, it is one of the few large buildings that would need to be demolished for the line to continue onto Cockermouth and Workington.

View attachment 158424
View attachment 158425

From here, its the same as the old route until the A66 Roundabout on the outskirts of Keswick. However it would require some minimal land buyback as a section is now a single house's back garden.

View attachment 158426

This is where the proposal diverges. For now we will follow the original route, or the yellow route. Which tracks west of Bassenthwaite Lake, following more or less the original alignment. However with some bridges needed to cross the A66 in several places.

What really holds up this particular proposal is that there is no room around the lake to build the line without some form of tunnelling, which would considerably increase the cost of the line. It is therefore not the preferred option. But I left it in if someone wanted to make a case for it.

View attachment 158427

View attachment 158428

This would then join back to the area in which the A66 diverges from the old alignment towards Cockermouth.
View attachment 158430

Much of the old track bed has been built over in Cockermouth however there is just enough space to create a line through the town, leaving a station is an easily accessible area without having to demolish much at all. In fact the station could be located reasonably close to where the original was.

The line then cuts across the A66 roundabout until it picks up the original alignment all the way to Workington.

An estimated cost for this would be somewhere in the region of £500m-£780m, with the lower amount hoping to save on infrastructure that is needed with colour light signals. Instead relying on in-cab signalling with ETCS.

The red line is a relatively simple one and I can't include photos as I can only include 9, but it follows the route of the recent Water Works that has scarred the landscape in that area, showing that a straight route could be plotted in that area. It may also be the better route, as it would be cheaper than tunnelling through one of the fells.

The business case is clear, tourism is a major part of the lake district and link West Cumbria to the Lakes is important for the regions economic growth and would allow for a much easier spread of jobs west than is currently possible.

Stations along the line would be:

Penrith - Stainton - Threlkeld - Keswick - Cockermouth - Brigham - Workington

Let me know what you all think!

Yes it is strange this hasn't been done before as a means to decongest the roads in the Lakes.
 

Bletchleyite

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An interesting option posed by this would be park and ride at Penrith in a way the Windermere branch doesn't offer, which could come with significant discouragement of driving to Keswick. The line runs right by the M6 junction, where a new P&R station could be built with a large car park.

In retrospect it really is nuts that this line closed - one of the biggest tourist honeypots in the UK left with cars clogging it up.
 

PlexiDriver

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Don't assume ETCS will give you higher line speeds, not that this would need anything about 60 or 75mph anyway.

Where have your costs come from, and why is the business case clear?
ETCS would provide higher line speed than 3 aspect signalling and it's unlikely that 4 aspect would be put on a line like this. Therefore it would be safer to operate at higher speeds. Of course, but it's better to aim for a higher line speed than a lower one. It's likely many of the curves would require slower speeds, but in this plan and on the original line there are many areas that are relatively straight.

In terms of the business case, I outlined a little but there is certainly a local case in terms of road usage and access to jobs for local people, but also that Workington can be a destination for tourists, or at least benefit from access that at the moment seem distant.
 

The Planner

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ETCS would provide higher line speed than 3 aspect signalling and it's unlikely that 4 aspect would be put on a line like this. Therefore it would be safer to operate at higher speeds. Of course, but it's better to aim for a higher line speed than a lower one. It's likely many of the curves would require slower speeds, but in this plan and on the original line there are many areas that are relatively straight.
Why would it? sighting can be dealt with via banner repeaters etc. Considering there is no real plan for ETCS outside the WCML proper, I'm not convinced it would happen.
 

InkyScrolls

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ETCS would provide higher line speed than 3 aspect signalling and it's unlikely that 4 aspect would be put on a line like this. Therefore it would be safer to operate at higher speeds. Of course, but it's better to aim for a higher line speed than a lower one. It's likely many of the curves would require slower speeds, but in this plan and on the original line there are many areas that are relatively straight.
Bit of a non sequitur there - there's no reason 3 aspect signalling can't have quite high line speeds, one example local to me being the Airedale Line, much of which is 90 mph.
In terms of the business case, I outlined a little but there is certainly a local case in terms of road usage and access to jobs for local people, but also that Workington can be a destination for tourists, or at least benefit from access that at the moment seem distant.
You've clearly never been to Workington if you think it's a tourist destination!
 

PlexiDriver

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Bit of a non sequitur there - there's no reason 3 aspect signalling can't have quite high line speeds, one example local to me being the Airedale Line, much of which is 90 mph.

You've clearly never been to Workington if you think it's a tourist destination!
Of course, but ETCS is an easier to manage system once installed, safer than colour light and fundamentally as a higher speed limit as there are no worries about restrictive views.

Ha! I more meant to get the area investment, to one day be a tourist destination. I have frequented Workington many times!

Why would it? sighting can be dealt with via banner repeaters etc. Considering there is no real plan for ETCS outside the WCML proper, I'm not convinced it would happen.
It can, but that is expensive as each BR is it's own mini signalling system with many points of failure. ETCS is a superior system in that respect. I believe the current strategy is to provide ETCS on rural lines, due to the simplicity of infrastructure.
 

The Planner

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It can, but that is expensive as each BR is it's own mini signalling system with many points of failure. ETCS is a superior system in that respect. I believe the current strategy is to provide ETCS on rural lines, due to the simplicity of infrastructure.
Believe me, it might be in 30 years, but considering none of the WCML has ETCS and the ECML is only just getting it installed on the south end, we are a long long way from rural lines.
 

PlexiDriver

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Believe me, it might be in 30 years, but considering none of the WCML has ETCS and the ECML is only just getting it installed on the south end, we are a long long way from rural lines.
As far as I'm aware it is a priority on rural lines with or without main lines. It's not a trickle down project, in fact the first one was the Cambrian line and that's about as rural as it gets. Besides, for reopened lines, I'd be surprised if there was much talk of colour light signalling going forward. The system works and saves having signals, AWS, TPWS etc.
 

The Planner

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As far as I'm aware it is a priority on rural lines with or without main lines. It's not a trickle down project, in fact the first one was the Cambrian line and that's about as rural as it gets. Besides, for reopened lines, I'd be surprised if there was much talk of colour light signalling going forward. The system works and saves having signals, AWS, TPWS etc.
Cambrian was 2010 and a test bed, nothing else has been done rural since. East West phase 1 is colour lights.
 

PlexiDriver

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Cambrian was 2010 and a test bed, nothing else has been done rural since. East West phase 1 is colour lights.
That was commissioned before the rollout of Stage B on GWML and Thameslink was up and running. East West is also integrated with existing railway segments which makes ETCS rollout across it a bit tricker and rolling stock on the line would need to be retrofitted. Therefore making it a little less practical. A new line that doesn't interface with anything but 2km of existing colour light track at either end would make it a far more attractive proposition.
 

Peter Sarf

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As far as I'm aware it is a priority on rural lines with or without main lines. It's not a trickle down project, in fact the first one was the Cambrian line and that's about as rural as it gets. Besides, for reopened lines, I'd be surprised if there was much talk of colour light signalling going forward. The system works and saves having signals, AWS, TPWS etc.
What sort of signalling is East West Rail (Oxford to/from Bletchley) getting ?.

Doh, just beat me to it !.
Cambrian was 2010 and a test bed, nothing else has been done rural since. East West phase 1 is colour lights.
 

deltic

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In the unlikely event that the scheme would ever go ahead, it would take at least 20 years to opening, ETCS would therefore seem perfectly rational.
 

randyrippley

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I thought the A66 between Penrith and Keswick made extensive use of the rail formation? I think something is being overlooked here
 

TheWierdOne

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I thought the A66 between Penrith and Keswick made extensive use of the rail formation? I think something is being overlooked here
Only on the section between Keswick and Cockermouth, the Penrith - Keswick section would be quite easy to reopen in engineering terms (bar that one bridge that got washed away a few years ago.

I would have thought the business case would be a fairly quick slam dunk given the thousands of tourists that go to or near Keswick each year. There is a bus link but it's hardly convenient. The Keswick Convention alone generates over 12,000 visitors, worth a through train to Manchester or Glasgow I would think, at least in the summer for convention goers.
 

InkyScrolls

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That was commissioned before the rollout of Stage B on GWML and Thameslink was up and running. East West is also integrated with existing railway segments which makes ETCS rollout across it a bit tricker and rolling stock on the line would need to be retrofitted. Therefore making it a little less practical. A new line that doesn't interface with anything but 2km of existing colour light track at either end would make it a far more attractive proposition.
Call me pedantic but it's not colour light at both ends - the Cumbrian Coast is on AB signalling, with Workington using semaphores.
 

Bletchleyite

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Only on the section between Keswick and Cockermouth, the Penrith - Keswick section would be quite easy to reopen in engineering terms (bar that one bridge that got washed away a few years ago.

I would have thought the business case would be a fairly quick slam dunk given the thousands of tourists that go to or near Keswick each year. There is a bus link but it's hardly convenient. The Keswick Convention alone generates over 12,000 visitors, worth a through train to Manchester or Glasgow I would think, at least in the summer for convention goers.

The one barrier is the new footpath which has been created on the trackbed. This would cause a lot of shouting so would need an alternative providing. Probably fairly cheap to do in railway terms though.
 

waverley47

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What's the condition of the bridges along the route? What about the sections where the river has moved and the formation washed away? What about the fact that in the current day, it's significantly more difficult to build brand new level crossings; are you going to put the lines through Cockermouth and Keswick on viaducts or in cuttings? What about the fact that standards for embankments have changed significantly in the intervening 60 years, and that you'd basically be rebuilding much of the route from scratch? Who owns the land; this is hardly a 'nationally significant infrastructure project' where you could CPO anything you wanted?

Where are the tourists coming from? How many will switch to trains over busses or cars? How many of the locals will travel and how often? Where are they travelling to? How will timetables work at Penrith and how will the connections look? How many passing loops will you need for your given frequency?

I used to write feasibility studies for a living. I personally would quite like the opportunity to take a train through the lakes, but realistically this proposal needs a business case laid out.

Don't say "I think this is a line that shouldn't have closed, and the trackbed is still there, so let's rebuild it."

Do say "here is a railway link that doesn't exist currently, and rail is the right solution to a particular problem that exists, and here is a solution that runs x trains per hour over a route between X and Y, and will cost an estimated £Xm to reopen."
 

randyrippley

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You do have to wonder whether extending the Windermere branch to Keswick via the central valley, as originally intended years ago would be a better value route. Links up more areas of tourism and opens up the central valley.
Might need a tunnel or two though
 

The Planner

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Presumably this ends up as a shuttle between Penrith and somewhere? the junction at Penrith points the wrong way for anything else.
 

TheWierdOne

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Presumably this ends up as a shuttle between Penrith and somewhere? the junction at Penrith points the wrong way for anything else.
Shuttle in the off season with special trains during high tourist times to Glasgow (I think the Junction goes the right way for Scotland or London / Manchester with a reversal? The Keswick Convention would fill a train or five all by itself in summer
 

PlexiDriver

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What's the condition of the bridges along the route? What about the sections where the river has moved and the formation washed away? What about the fact that in the current day, it's significantly more difficult to build brand new level crossings; are you going to put the lines through Cockermouth and Keswick on viaducts or in cuttings? What about the fact that standards for embankments have changed significantly in the intervening 60 years, and that you'd basically be rebuilding much of the route from scratch? Who owns the land; this is hardly a 'nationally significant infrastructure project' where you could CPO anything you wanted?

Where are the tourists coming from? How many will switch to trains over busses or cars? How many of the locals will travel and how often? Where are they travelling to? How will timetables work at Penrith and how will the connections look? How many passing loops will you need for your given frequency?

I used to write feasibility studies for a living. I personally would quite like the opportunity to take a train through the lakes, but realistically this proposal needs a business case laid out.

Don't say "I think this is a line that shouldn't have closed, and the trackbed is still there, so let's rebuild it."

Do say "here is a railway link that doesn't exist currently, and rail is the right solution to a particular problem that exists, and here is a solution that runs x trains per hour over a route between X and Y, and will cost an estimated £Xm to reopen."
"A business case for the Keswick and Penrith line reinstatement, collated by JMP Consultants, was first released in 2007. It stated passenger usage was likely to be in the range of 230,000 to 320,000 a year, with the potential to rise to 480,000."

The costs of reconstruction the last time it was looked at was broken into three parts: "The first with minimal infrastructure intervention was slated to cost £89M (in 2007 prices). The second option, which would see the construction of intermediate stations, was estimated to cost close to £93M. Option three, which would see the same stations as option two built but with a deviation of the route to Stainton and with a passing loop in Keswick, was costed at over £111M" these prices will have significantly increased though.

However there is already political will, with the local MP supporting it along with the newly formed unitary council.
 

Shaw S Hunter

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Presumably this ends up as a shuttle between Penrith and somewhere? the junction at Penrith points the wrong way for anything else.
Not to mention the difficulty of pathing any additional service on the WCML. Another issue would be connections at Penrith given that the existing WCML service pattern is not to a strict pattern/takt. If this re-opening was to be seriously considered there would surely be a need to assess the capacity of the WCML to handle any generated traffic. We need a Shap bypass!
 

PlexiDriver

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Not to mention the difficulty of pathing any additional service on the WCML. Another issue would be connections at Penrith given that the existing WCML service pattern is not to a strict pattern/takt. If this re-opening was to be seriously considered there would surely be a need to assess the capacity of the WCML to handle any generated traffic. We need a Shap bypass!
I thought so too! I mentioned a connection with Appleby, which then could be used to divert when problems arise. Around Settle and then through Blackburn back to the mainline (This would require quite a few upgrades though!!)
 

The Planner

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"A business case for the Keswick and Penrith line reinstatement, collated by JMP Consultants, was first released in 2007. It stated passenger usage was likely to be in the range of 230,000 to 320,000 a year, with the potential to rise to 480,000."

The costs of reconstruction the last time it was looked at was broken into three parts: "The first with minimal infrastructure intervention was slated to cost £89M (in 2007 prices). The second option, which would see the construction of intermediate stations, was estimated to cost close to £93M. Option three, which would see the same stations as option two built but with a deviation of the route to Stainton and with a passing loop in Keswick, was costed at over £111M" these prices will have significantly increased though.

However there is already political will, with the local MP supporting it along with the newly formed unitary council.
So 320,000 a year, 363 day operation is 900 passengers per day. Assume 0600-2200 operation at one an hour so 32 trips, makes 28 people per train per hour on average.

£293 million in 2024 on normal inflation is £477 million, add on the massive construction inflation there is and you are well north of £750 million.

I thought so too! I mentioned a connection with Appleby, which then could be used to divert when problems arise. Around Settle and then through Blackburn back to the mainline (This would require quite a few upgrades though!!)
If you are in the realms of "diversion" and "resilience", you are already on a sticky wicket.
 

HSTEd

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You do have to wonder whether extending the Windermere branch to Keswick via the central valley, as originally intended years ago would be a better value route. Links up more areas of tourism and opens up the central valley.
Might need a tunnel or two though
I can't imagine you would ever get permission even for a railway up through Grasmere.

I suppose you could try a rural tram line but I'm not sure how popular that would be.
 

Grimsby town

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I suppose you could try a rural tram line but I'm not sure how popular that would be

Surely a light rail service would be best for a Keswick reopening too. The reasons for heavy rail don't really exist. Its not going to have linespeeds much quicker than 60mph. Its unlikely to be an attractive route for freight. There's unlikely to be through running and there not really a nearby depot for maintenance so not much issue in setting up a new light rail facility.

The benefits are potentially lower construction costs as not everything has to be grade separated and no need for a full heavy rail signaling system. Theres also potentially lower operation costs thanks to driver only operation.
 

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