If staff find it it will definitely get logged and entered into the lost property system.
The problem with TfL - and particularly the journey you have made - is that it can be collected by any number of members of the public first, who may not be as honest. For those who are honest, they won’t necessarily hand it in at the first station they pass through - for an especially busy stretch of the network such as the Central line in zone 1 this means that it could literally end up anywhere once the customer has changed trains.
I’ve know a lot of things to turn up in lost property, so I wouldn’t be too pessimistic. A quality description and photo, like what you’ve shared here, will very much increase the likelihood of finding it. Good luck!