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Rail electrification possible for 95% of UK freight trains, CILT research reveals

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zwk500

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However no new 3rd rail electrification is allowed.
Not correct. 3rd rail electrification is allowed where the safety case can be made. There is no outright ban.
So it will need to convert at some stage and will need to be replaced.
Existing installations are grandfathered, so when time comes for renewal the option of conversion will presumably be looked at but it's perfectly possible 3rd rail will be maintained.
 
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HSTEd

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Minor detail, but Waterloo-Basingstoke-Weymouth is already electrified :D

I personally can't see Waterloo-Basingstoke ever being converted to OLE, it will just be too problematic. However I think there will come a point where Basingstoke-Southampton-Weymouth does get converted. As the intense service drops off the advantages of AC OLE over DC 3rd rail start to stack up, and as the interoperability factor sways toward OLE there will come a tipping point. 3rd Rail would probably end at St Denys on the Netley route, with a flying change just outside Easteligh.
OLE on Basingstoke-Southampton then removes a major headache for Salisbury and the WoE.

Given that railway electrification costs are still not under control, I very much doubt we will ever see any 25kV converison of third rail lines at all.

Even in Europe conversion of 1500V or 3kV systems to 25kV has been essentially abandoned on the grounds of huge cost.
(France now investigating replacement of 1500V with 9kV, other places talking of conversion from 1500V to 3kV).

In reality the service densities on Basingtoke-Southampton will never get high enough to prevent third rail being upgraded to provide the power required. You'd be spending billions for negligible benefits.

Advances in cable technology (we now have semi practical superconducting feeder cables undergoing test in the Japanese railway industry and in more general grid use elsewhere) are likely to reduce the disadvantages of third rail over time. A superconducting return cable would cut losses dramatically, improve safety by reducing running rail touch voltages and largely eliminate galvanic corrosion concerns. And such cables are under test.

EDIT: Cables being installed at Gare Montparnasse
 

Grumpy

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Makes Werrington a waste of cash then...
Together with all the money spent upgrading the joint line. Perhaps a few electrified loops on the ECML between Peterborough and Doncaster might have been a better option. Although this might have been considered at the time of course.
 

zwk500

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Given that railway electrification costs are still not under control, I very much doubt we will ever see any 25kV converison of third rail lines at all.
It's certainly a long way off.
Even in Europe conversion of 1500V or 3kV systems to 25kV has been essentially abandoned on the grounds of huge cost.
(France now investigating replacement of 1500V with 9kV, other places talking of conversion from 1500V to 3kV).
Belgium converted a line from 3KV to 25KV last summer: https://www.railway-international.c...sing-a-technology-never-seen-before-in-europe. Of course their situation is somewhat different as they're converting one OLE to another, whereas in the UK it'd be installing OLE to replace 3rd rail. We'd have far bigger costs rebuilding bridges etc, but also be able to leave the 3rd rail in situ if required.
In reality the service densities on Basingtoke-Southampton will never get high enough to prevent third rail being upgraded to provide the power required. You'd be spending billions for negligible benefits.
Probably for passenger, but increasing freight demands do draw big power.
 

92002

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Given that railway electrification costs are still not under control, I very much doubt we will ever see any 25kV converison of third rail lines at all.

Even in Europe conversion of 1500V or 3kV systems to 25kV has been essentially abandoned on the grounds of huge cost.
(France now investigating replacement of 1500V with 9kV, other places talking of conversion from 1500V to 3kV).

In reality the service densities on Basingtoke-Southampton will never get high enough to prevent third rail being upgraded to provide the power required. You'd be spending billions for negligible benefits.

Advances in cable technology (we now have semi practical superconducting feeder cables undergoing test in the Japanese railway industry and in more general grid use elsewhere) are likely to reduce the disadvantages of third rail over time. A superconducting return cable would cut losses dramatically, improve safety by reducing running rail touch voltages and largely eliminate galvanic corrosion concerns. And such cables are under test.

EDIT: Cables being installed at Gare Montparnasse
A bit off topic here but Belgium is currently replacing 3000v electrification to upgrade to 25Kv from Ostend to Luxembourg. Otherwise somebody has fitted the wrong insulators.

Most of their new stock purchased over the last number of years have been dual voltage.
 

HSTEd

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Belgium converted a line from 3KV to 25KV last summer: https://www.railway-international.c...sing-a-technology-never-seen-before-in-europe. Of course their situation is somewhat different as they're converting one OLE to another, whereas in the UK it'd be installing OLE to replace 3rd rail. We'd have far bigger costs rebuilding bridges etc, but also be able to leave the 3rd rail in situ if required.
You can't leave the third rail in situ, or at least can't be left in-situ and operational.

BR tried this on the North London Line and gave up rather rapidly - the stray current issues are just a nightmare.
AC and DC systems have completely opposed strategies for return current management. IN DC you want to keep the current in the traction system at all costs and avoid earth bonds to avoid galvanic corrosion. In AC systems you want to earth-tie pretty much everything to avoid dangerous touch voltages ever building up, as galvanic corrosion is not an issue but 25kV systems can easily produce touch voltages of a few hundred volts.
 

zwk500

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You can't leave the third rail in situ, or at least can't be left in-situ and operational.

BR tried this on the North London Line and gave up rather rapidly - the stray current issues are just a nightmare.
AC and DC systems have completely opposed strategies for return current management. IN DC you want to keep the current in the traction system at all costs and avoid earth bonds to avoid galvanic corrosion. In AC systems you want to earth-tie pretty much everything to avoid dangerous touch voltages ever building up, as galvanic corrosion is not an issue but 25kV systems can easily produce touch voltages of a few hundred volts.
Oh it's a complete pain in the neck, to be sure, but you could e.g. At Basingstoke leave 3rd rail in for terminating trains.
 

92002

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Oh it's a complete pain in the neck, to be sure, but you could e.g. At Basingstoke leave 3rd rail in for terminating trains.
A ready made solution is just over the hill for freight with the arrival of the class 93. Which could be used until OHL is completed. Most modern trains bought in the last few years are capable of AC/DC. Sone are even being scrapped.
 

zwk500

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A ready made solution is just over the hill for freight with the arrival of the class 93. Which could be used until OHL is completed.
yes
Most modern trains bought in the last few years are capable of AC/DC. Sone are even being scrapped.
Capable of conversion to or between voltages, very few were actually dual voltage fitted.
 

92002

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yes

Capable of conversion to or between voltages, very few were actually dual voltage fitted.
Although they were built for both and can be changed over to one or other. 317, 350/1, 365 and 319 spring to mind. Others would need to be converted.
 

Trainbike46

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A ready made solution is just over the hill for freight with the arrival of the class 93. Which could be used until OHL is completed. Most modern trains bought in the last few years are capable of AC/DC. Sone are even being scrapped.
for freight, having locomotives capable of running both third rail and OHL would be a better solution. The 92 for example, but more would presumably be needed if lots of freight were to go electric
 

92002

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for freight, having locomotives capable of running both third rail and OHL would be a better solution. The 92 for example, but more would presumably be needed if lots of freight were to go electric
Yes the 92s would be a good solution for GBRf and DBS. Not much use to Freightliner though.
 

zwk500

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for freight, having locomotives capable of running both third rail and OHL would be a better solution. The 92 for example, but more would presumably be needed if lots of freight were to go electric
The 92 itself is not a great solution because it has all sorts of issues with feedback and frequencies. A dual-voltage loco with batteries, similar to a 93 or 99 is what is needed (hence why they were ordered!).
 

busken

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Electric traction between depots could be feasible, but presumably you would still need diesel traction at the loading and unloading points.
 

zwk500

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Electric traction between depots could be feasible, but presumably you would still need diesel traction at the loading and unloading points.
Batteries or (less likely) retractable OLE are potential options.
 

Trainbike46

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The 92 itself is not a great solution because it has all sorts of issues with feedback and frequencies. A dual-voltage loco with batteries, similar to a 93 or 99 is what is needed (hence why they were ordered!).
will the 93 and 99 be able to use 3rd rail as well?

If so, that's amazing!

Didn't think about batteries, obviously you couldn't load containers etc under overhead wires!
Because it would be about short distances batteries are very suited to that exact scenario!
 

Trainbike46

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I'm just going off what I've seen on other threads and press, I could be wrong.
Stadler is known for their flexibility, so it does sound likely

plus, if there are significant flows where a dual-voltage locomotive makes sense (after some more electrification) I'm sure other manufacturers would be able to build some too
 

zwk500

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Stadler is known for their flexibility, so it does sound likely

plus, if there are significant flows where a dual-voltage locomotive makes sense (after some more electrification) I'm sure other manufacturers would be able to build some too
Could also ask the Belgians or French - they've got plenty of 25KV~/1.5KV= locos, It's quite possible some of them have 750v DC motors in series or something (I'm not an electrician!), at which point you'd only need a small fiddle with the wiring and then to fit the battery packs in. Of course, having a slightly more restrictive loading gauge doesn't help (and AIUI this is one of the reasons for the power spec the 88 has) but batteries at least are, in theory, more space flexible as a collection of cells that can be distributed whereas an engine doesn't really work very well if parts are disconnected.
 

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In principle, 25kV AC or 750V DC is not a problem with modern electronic converters.
Furthermore, in principle, it’s possible to have a loco with OHL, third rail, a high voltage battery and a diesel engine with alternator. However, the physical space available will limit the capacity of the high voltage battery and diesel engine with alternator. So a compromise would be needed.

Unless longer, taller or wider locos can be accommodated (not much chance of that…).

And then there is the weight to consider.
 

SynthD

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A particularly busy freight route to electrify would be Coventry to Reading and onwards to Southampton and no doubt the bit to Weymouth and Basingstoke to Waterloo for passenger too.
Why doesn’t the industry ask for that here?

The handover from third rail to ohle sounds difficult, unless a lot has been learned from City Thameslink and Blackfriars.

The mendip and other quarries look like they need a ~20mph route branching off from a 100mph route. Can OHLE along a route change the max speed it is designed for? Are there limits in the cost saving?
 

zwk500

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Why doesn’t the industry ask for that here?

The handover from third rail to ohle sounds difficult, unless a lot has been learned from City Thameslink and Blackfriars.
Lots has been learned from Thameslink - Specifically exactly how hard it is to have shared 3rd rail/OLE section. Conversion from one to the other is, in theory, simpler than maintaining both. However you'd need a substantial blockade to switch all the equipment over. Belgium took a 3-week blockade to convert a smaller mileage (66km) than Basingstoke-Weymouth (130KM) last summer from 3KV= OLE to 25KV~ OLE. I can't imagine the furore if there were no electric trains to Southampton for 3 weeks. And that required years of preparation including several new techniques for switchable systems. https://www.railway-international.c...sing-a-technology-never-seen-before-in-europe
The mendip and other quarries look like they need a ~20mph route branching off from a 100mph route. Can OHLE along a route change the max speed it is designed for? Are there limits in the cost saving?
I'm not exactly sure what you're asking. OLE on it's own can't raise linespeeds, however you can have simpler OLE for lower linespeeds. The cost savings depend on the speed difference - 'Tram' type OLE (Single wire, no droppers etc) is relatively cheap but can't go fast at all. OLE limited to 100mph can have smaller bracing and lower tensions, but the cost savings are less.

The majority of the cost of OLE in the UK is in rebuilding the structures, and the wire height has to remain within a certain window regardless of the OLE design.
 
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D365

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Stadler is known for their flexibility, so it does sound likely.
The EuroLight/UKLight is a product of Vossloh heritage, though.

As far as I can tell, since the 60s, the only third rail capable locomotives have been the Class 92.
 

AndrewE

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or pay a shunter to uncouple 1 loco and couple another,

Why couldn’t a driver do this? An artic driver can couple the tractor unit to the trailer.
Very different processes.
Even backing a loco safely onto a train is harder than the lorry equivalent.
If you say "drive it from the other end then" you have to repeatedly get down and back up...
Just getting down from the cab of a loco (and back up) is a lot harder than on a road vehicle, e.g. Preserved railways have to emphasise that if you can't climb a 6-foot vertical ladder you can't have a footplate experience after finding the hard way that some (too many) customers just can't do it.

The other thing is that loco cabs now are really precision workplaces (needing to be kept clean) whereas coupling is still a filthy very heavy job. Without the training and keeping in practice most people couldn't lift a coupling shackle.
 

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Didn't think about batteries, obviously you couldn't load containers etc under overhead wires!
Is this actually technically true? If the wire was at max height like for level crossings, and the structures on the far side, is there enough physical space for a reach stacker to lift a container?
Obviously it would be a bit niche as it would be a container terminal with where the reach stackers only do the nearest track (how do they see what they are doing on the far track?!)
I'm no electrician but I'm guessing H&S would demand isolation of the line during loading/unloading and that might mean a neutral section in an impossible position for locos trying to pull away??
 
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