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Speculative could 222s be rebuilt as multimode

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Snow1964

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When the 222s are replaced by 810s they will be about 21 years old, too early to scrap, but possibly not easiest to find a home for.

Ignoring for now if a Rosco would make them uneconomic to lease, have to accept world has moved on since they were conceived at turn of the century, when pure diesel trains were ok.

Treating the Meridian, and those that were originally branded Pioneer as one fleet, have 54 driving cars and 89 intermediate cars, so regardless of history (with 4car and 9car formations) what could be done.

My idea is can assume 15 years life left, maybe bit more with extensive work. So economically vast amounts of new equipment are not viable, basically want to stick with what you have and modify cheaply.

Firstly I am not convinced that any operators really want 4car express sets, 5cars are common (because they can be used in multiple), but seems to me open access operators don't really like double sets as difficult to staff, cater, check tickets etc. So let's assume ideally want 6car, maybe 7car to allow bit of growth.

So got enough for 23 (6car) sets, with few spares, or 20 sets (7car). So question is what to do. My suggestion is modify some driving cars (just the cab end, minimum work to save cost), rebuild just that end as intermediate car with pantograph well. So can have 25kv electric power.

I don't think there is any need for so much diesel power going forward, as probably not going to get much above 100mph off the wires, so removing some engines is ok. Bonus of this is it gives spare engines which would be useful as trains age. Would also have gained some spare cab fittings.

If got couple of engines less, could you fit transformers in their place (and not ruling out pairs of secondhand ones from class 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 340 etc. not all have yet been scrapped). Worst case is would need new transformers. Even if there is one pantograph, two transformers in different vehicles where 2 diesels were removed spreads the weight. Yes will still need some other configuration changes, but not impossible. Could even add a battery pack to each set (based on expected 15-20 year remaining life).

Seems to me, for fairly reasonable investment could be getting a fleet of around 20 bi-mode (or with battery making them multi-mode) which is lot cheaper than brand new trains (even if new have twice the lifespan). But more importantly what would happen to them over next 15 years if kept them as 125mph diesel only trains. It would be wasteful to just store them for years then scrap them.

I realise a Rosco may prefer them stored, as it helps push up lease rates for other trains due to their scarcity. So regardless of engineering practicality, increasing overall railway costs might be seen as easy option.

Wondering if anyone else thinks this could work, or it retaining them as diesel only into 2030s is more viable. I am also assuming that during 2030s some bi-modes could be cascaded because their routes have become fully electric, so this is more a 10-15 year stopgap plan than long term one into 2060s.
 
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ac6000cw

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From memory (but not sure), as built, there is no traction power bus down the train, just cross-feeding capability within a pair of cars. So I'd be tempted to remove around half the diesel engines and replace them with battery packs to considerably improve fuel economy and emissions. If OHLE capability was worthwhile/affordable, to avoid major structural alterations to already 20+ year old vehicles, add a new (short) pantograph/transformer/rectifier/bike storage car in the middle with a through corridor - could even provide low-floor access for wheelchairs etc. to the adjacent cars. Would need to add power bus along the train as well of course.
 

JamesT

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Rebuilding Meridians as bi-mode is as unlikely as previous suggestions to modify Voyagers.
The primary issue is that there is no power distribution between vehicles in 22x. So you could convert a car to have a pantograph and a transformer, but you’re only going to get propulsion from that car when on the wires unless you keep the diesels going as well. At which point the question is, what’s the point?
Rebuilding to have a distribution system would be a major investment in vehicles that as you note are likely already halfway through their lifespan.
The most likely outcome is they continue to be used as diesel express trains as there are plenty of routes in the UK without wiring. XC could always do with more stock with the same performance attributes as their existing units. Or there are operators using the much older HST or 15x trains that could be replaced.
 

skyhigh

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Wondering if anyone else thinks this could work
Absolutely not.

No pantograph well, which would require major structural work and recertification. Previous discussion suggests a 5 car would need 2 pantos too.
No traction power bus, introducing one would require major change to the TCMS as well as physical config.
You'd also need all sorts of electrical compliance testing.

All in it would be a huge investment in a fleet of half-life trains with a reasonable probability of teething issues and unreliability (see the 769s which were supposedly 'easy' with no TCMS and a traction bus in place).

There is a good reason why this idea as 'Project Thor' was killed off before, when the units were 10 years younger and had more time to pay back the investment:
It essentially boiled down to being much harder and expensive than originally thought. The loads of a 5 car alone meant you'd need 2 panto-transformer cars to handle, and then the economics didn't work unless you took it up to ~ 8 cars. That killed 221/222 conversion if it hadn't already been killed. Then Derby put in a higher price than envisaged, and said they'd be sending the work abroad.
 

I'm here now

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I think they would be great for Cardiff - Portsmouth runs and some Crosscountry services on the West Coast Main Line. Larger capacity, more environmentally friendly. Portsmouth units could have 3rd rail traction additionally.
 

JonathanH

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Larger capacity, more environmentally friendly.
Larger capacity than what? A five coach 222 seats fewer passengers than a five coach 158 or 16x formation.

They only become more environmentally friendly if they can be rebuilt as bi-modes.
 

stuu

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Turn them into push-pull sets and use an electric loco? Far less work
 

Trainbike46

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tbh I suspect they will be used either by one of the new or existing OAOs, or used to expand the XC fleet. If neither of those, I'd supect they'll just be scrapped, which wouldn't be an issue really, as they simply don't have a place on the railway long-term. There is a reason EMR ordered new 810s.

For clarity, I don't think it is at all likely that any change to bimode or similar will happen - it would likely be too expensive compared to just buying new
 

JonathanH

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Turn them into push-pull sets and use an electric loco? Far less work
It is an interesting idea, but you end up carting around a lot of weight for no good reason, and the last experiment with locomotives and push pull sets on the British network has been a complete failure.
 

Irascible

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I think it'd be more sensible considering replacing the power packs, they've had 21 years of thrashing already - that at least is a far more in-place modification than trying to electrify them.

Unless you wanted to convert them to third rail :p
 

skyhigh

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I think it'd be more sensible considering replacing the power packs, they've had 21 years of thrashing already
Except they haven't really - the powerpacks will have been overhauled and effectively returned to "as new" condition many times given the amount of miles they cover.
 

Clansman

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It feels like this thread is driven purely by the age and appearance of the 222s as 'modern' rather than any deep mechanical justification. Classic case of 'hopper window affect' in action.

On a serious note, if it was plausable, it would have already been pursued. But as the rail industry works, it won't happen if a TOC doesn't demand it too.

How much would it cost? Would said cost outweigh the cost for new builds for the next 40+ years, and is that a price worth paying? Those answers are wanting here, like every proposal to stick a pantograph on any 22X derivatives.
 

JonathanH

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Would said cost outweigh the cost for new builds for the next 40+ years, and is that a price worth paying?
How does the railway as a whole measure the cost of scrapping 222s now against other options? The 222s are already being replaced by 810s, so the cost of the 810s is already sunk. If the owners of the 222s make a loss because there is no further work for them, the presence of at least some competition in the rolling stock market should mean they can't put those losses on the rail industry in full. For every 222 that potentially gets scrapped early, something else can be considered to have had a longer life.
 

HSTEd

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The proposed conversion of Class 220/221s was abandoned because the cost could not be justified.

I doubt this project, once all the bespoke design work was done, would be any cheaper than simply ordering new stock and sending the Class 222 for tin can manufacturing.
 

Snow1964

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If the owners of the 222s make a loss because there is no further work for them, the presence of at least some competition in the rolling stock market should mean they can't put those losses on the rail industry in full. For every 222 that potentially gets scrapped early, something else can be considered to have had a longer life.

I am not convinced about that, if a class is scrapped early, then every Rosco becomes aware. They price their lease rates based on expected length of return. Consequently every fleet that stops earning early notches up the risk factor of early return.

Because every Rosco can see what goes bad (passenger rail vehicles being stored and scrapped are reported in multiple places, including this forum) and Rosco market is dominated by few firms, ultimately the whole industry will pay. Maybe not immediately, but next time they want a new lease.

Rosco pricing acts more like wholesale Insurance market than a competitive sales market. If one person does something that causes a company to lose out, they all price in the risk of it repeating by upping the cost of new business.

I would therefore argue with notion they can't put the losses on the industry, I think they will, and go further and add bit more, so rail industry pays even more, and Roscos can use it as excuse to make themselves even more profitable.
 

Irascible

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Except they haven't really - the powerpacks will have been overhauled and effectively returned to "as new" condition many times given the amount of miles they cover.

Well, yes - this scenario is one where replacing some of the engines with batteries might stand a chance of actually functioning though. Then it makes sense to put in an engine that can shut down/restart ( which is hardly untried ). But all of that only makes sense if the finished product will fit in somewhere operationally.
 

Russel

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Another suggestion...

Could they be formed into a uniform 4/5 car fleet and cascaded onto longer distance regional routes serve by 158s and Turbostars? This would mean they wouldn't require a top speed of more than 100mph so they could have engines replaced with something more modern, cleaner, fuel efficient and cheaper to run...

Better for the passengers and the planet!
 

JonathanH

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Could they be formed into a uniform 4/5 car fleet and cascaded onto longer distance regional routes serve by 158s and Turbostars?
Normal wisdom says no because whatever engine you recover them with, they are still heavier than 158s and Turbostars and have lower seating capacity.
 

Snow1964

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Another suggestion...

Could they be formed into a uniform 4/5 car fleet and cascaded onto longer distance regional routes serve by 158s and Turbostars? This would mean they wouldn't require a top speed of more than 100mph
Normal wisdom says no because whatever engine you recover them with, they are still heavier than 158s and Turbostars and have lower seating capacity.
Whilst you wouldn't need the low seating density as in First class areas, if reconfigured with more (and hopefully comfortable) seats there is a case as a stopgap for next 10-15 years

Current usual thinking is there is going to be a high requirement for new trains 2027-2033 (replacing all the 15x 16x diesels plus SouthEastern networkers, and Scottish 318, 320 etc)

The Green view is that buying lots of pure diesel trains into late 2020s is going to become harder to justify. If you marry this view with routes operating lots of diesel mileage on electrified lines then it is not hard to find few bits that if electrified would reduce unelectrified gaps to distances that BEMUs could take over (with ranges of 50-70 miles on battery (probably nearer 70-90 miles on paper, but not practical on cold days with delays).

So becomes strong case for stopgap into 2030s taking over some long 158, 166 and 170 routes, allowing a cascade of older diesels until BEMUs can take over long regional routes in 2030s

For clarity, stopgap through to early 2030s is different to long term policy, where keeping 222s in current form makes no sense
 

dk1

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Project Thor is long dead and was considered to be not cost effective in 2011/12 so unfortunately would never pass the test now that these similar units are at their mid-life stage. Not sure if there were any plans to go for the battery option that was planned for the 220/221 fleet at & departing stations. Thats all gone very quiet too.
 

SeanG

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Was there not a plan to send some to Ireland at one point? Not sure whether this would still be needed
 

JonathanH

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Was there not a plan to send some to Ireland at one point? Not sure whether this would still be needed
Only when they were first built and the initial plan to run through services from St Pancras to Leeds fell through. It was the then unused 9-car units which were briefly linked with that involving regauging. It hasn't been considered since, and no requirement exists now.
 

61653 HTAFC

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Maybe there is an export market for them.
Probably more likely than turning them into bi-modes... and definitely more likely than rebuilding surplus driving cars into intermediates as per the OP's suggestion.
One obvious problem is that most of the places with a similar loading gauge and platform height to GB (Ireland and New Zealand for example, as both have received ex-BR stock in the past) use a different track gauge- so the bogies would need changing at the very least. I suppose Australia's standard gauge lines could use them as XPT replacements if their Civities turn out to be utter rubbish!
 

ac6000cw

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In reality, I suspect that they won't be re-engineered, eventually some will end up at XC (depending on the attitude of the next government to XC's overcrowding problems and subsidy), some might end up with open-access operators and the remainder stored for a while then scrapped (or flogged off at near scrap prices to another country).

The 125mph routes already have suitable stock, and AFAIK the 222s are not allowed to use higher SP (Sprinter) differential speeds on secondary routes, so they don't make much sense as 158/170 replacements as they would be slower on some routes and have lower passenger capacity.

I'd point out that another niche express passenger fleet - the Deltics - were only around 20 years old when withdrawn from service and mostly scrapped, as the costs of moving and using them elsewhere were too high to be worthwhile. The class 50s only lasted around 25 years and the class 52s only around 15 years.
 
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