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GC incident at Peterborough (04/05)

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Kentp

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From my understanding of the area the signal that protects the junction isn't the best placed. Sequence etc operates correctly but is placed to far from the junction. A driver slows to the red, the signal clears and if they've missed the feather (poor driving but does happen, complacency etc) then at full power they'll hit the junction to fast. Possibly what's happened here?
 
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AJD

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I can see why the points are placed the distance that they are from that signal (P468). Say the driver had received flashing aspects associated with the initial 30mph turnout, the braking curve from 125mph means you'd probably hit that single yellow close to 50-55mph. The remaining distance is suitable to bring that speed down to comply with the initial turnout without resorting to heavy braking. Quite a few locations on the ECML have points which are located quite far into the section for similar reasons.

Down to us and good training to understand why and in my opinion there's not as much emphasis on the "Why's" nowadays. On older stock I'd use a far lower power setting if starting from that signal into platform 1 or 2. Now it's more of a speed limiter job and I don't think the 180s have them.
 
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MarkyT

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From my understanding of the area the signal that protects the junction isn't the best placed. Sequence etc operates correctly but is placed to far from the junction. A driver slows to the red, the signal clears and if they've missed the feather (poor driving but does happen, complacency etc) then at full power they'll hit the junction to fast. Possibly what's happened here?
I can see why the points are placed the distance that they are from that signal (P468). Say the driver had received flashing aspects associated with the initial 30mph turnout, the braking curve from 125mph means you'd probably hit that single yellow close to 50-55mph. The remaining distance is suitable to bring that speed down to comply with the initial turnout without resorting to heavy braking. Quite a few locations on the ECML have points which are located quite far into the section for similar reasons.
The station 'home signal' is so far out because it has to be spaced for the high through speed on the fast line. It is possible to have a signal closer in with a high through speed, sometimes known as a 'closing-up' signal, which allows a train to await clearance much nearer a platform and thus reoccupy more quickly. The problem with a closing-up arrangement is it usually introduces an odd aspect sequence with timed release of signals to rear or more than one single yellow. While that is allowed, it must be rigorously risk assessed as it can introduce some dangers of its own and the whole setup is clearly more complex and expensive. In older semaphore layouts such problems were less of a constraint as the only signal that was placed for braking distance was the distant relative to the first home, with the whole series of stop signals that it applied to placed more optimally nearer turnouts through a station yard. Block marker boards in ETCS allow a return to these principles to an extent as their placing is not constrained so much by braking distance. Even in a case like Peterborough where an overlay is proposed keeping the existing signals, additional intermediate blocks might be provided using marker boards to allow closing up, for fitted trains only of course. This idea was pioneered in the Thameslink core.
 

LCC106

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Absolutely, and I am sure it happened, but the poster I quoted can hardly expect a mass debate without anything to go on, that can be publicly revealed...
This. No context so a bit of a non-starter really.
 

swt_passenger

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Absolutely, and I am sure it happened, but the poster I quoted can hardly expect a mass debate without anything to go on, that can be publicly revealed...
I think there may be another possible factor here. Anyone who saw and read the whole thread about the previous incident, and had noticed there was a RAIB investigation intended, may have wondered if it was helpful to have the same discussion all over again?
 

Taunton

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Anyone who saw and read the whole thread about the previous incident, and had noticed there was a RAIB investigation intended, may have wondered if it was helpful to have the same discussion all over again?
Equally, might have been helpful to have that RAIB report released by now ...
 
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That signal and the AWI/Magnet for it are the worst layout.
You can be checked down and held WITHOUT flashing yellows, but you would still get the magnet for the 30mph points (should be sign posted 25mph IMO as thats the lower speed points) problem being that magnet is miles away! you can often be held around that area if there is disruption.

The distance between the signal and the points is fair too, luckily the 180 doesn't accelerate like an 80X or it could have been another 70mph crossing!

I have often been checked down to that signal, then due to something blocking P3 I've been routed via P1.

Its also worth nothing that the sunlight and use of the sun visor played a part in the lumo incident apparently, if that is true could this also be the same for the GC incident as it happened at the same time of year?
 

Sheridan

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That signal and the AWI/Magnet for it are the worst layout.
You can be checked down and held WITHOUT flashing yellows, but you would still get the magnet for the 30mph points (should be sign posted 25mph IMO as thats the lower speed points) problem being that magnet is miles away! you can often be held around that area if there is disruption.

The distance between the signal and the points is fair too, luckily the 180 doesn't accelerate like an 80X or it could have been another 70mph crossing!

I have often been

Its also worth nothing that the sunlight and use of the sun visor played a part in the lumo incident apparently, if that is true could this also be the same for the GC incident as it happened at the same time of year?

This is really interesting to hear, if there are issues with interaction between sun visor and the route indicator. But it sounds like this has been known as a high-risk signal for decades from some of the posts in this thread, so it would be interesting to know if it’s part of the route learning, and whether each TOC/OAO handles it differently.
 

DoubleO

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That signal and the AWI/Magnet for it are the worst layout.
You can be checked down and held WITHOUT flashing yellows, but you would still get the magnet for the 30mph points (should be sign posted 25mph IMO as thats the lower speed points) problem being that magnet is miles away! you can often be held around that area if there is disruption.

The distance between the signal and the points is fair too, luckily the 180 doesn't accelerate like an 80X or it could have been another 70mph crossing!

I have often been checked down to that signal, then due to something blocking P3 I've been routed via P1.

Its also worth nothing that the sunlight and use of the sun visor played a part in the lumo incident apparently, if that is true could this also be the same for the GC incident as it happened at the same time of year?
You don't 'get the magnet for the points'. You receive an AWS warning for the signal at danger, irrelevant of the aspect received when it clears. The AWS system gives no indication to the driver of the route offered or the speed.
 

TheBigD

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Its also worth nothing that the sunlight and use of the sun visor played a part in the lumo incident apparently, if that is true could this also be the same for the GC incident as it happened at the same time of year?
The Lumo incident was around 10:30 whilst the Grand Central incident was around 13:00. Would the sun have been in the same or similar position?
 

AJD

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You don't 'get the magnet for the points'. You receive an AWS warning for the signal at danger, irrelevant of the aspect received when it clears. The AWS system gives no indication to the driver of the route offered or the speed.
Apologies in advance if not talking about the same thing, but if running on green signals on the approach to Peterborough on the up fast then the AWS magnet that is associated with the 30mph points will be supressed. If you're approaching under any other circumstance (yellows or at danger) then it'll sound as the route wouldn't have necessarily been set from P468 and there's still a chance you may be routed across that set of points. In essence it is a magnet for the points. Makes logical sense when you've done it a few times. Similar setup for the down fast at Potters Bar for that 30mph set of points.

As for the sun visor, it'd have to be right down to the lowest position to start blocking that route indicator. Been sent that way many, many times at different times of the day throughout the year and never thought it to be an issue.
 

DoubleO

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Apologies in advance if not talking about the same thing, but if running on green signals on the approach to Peterborough on the up fast then the AWS magnet that is associated with the 30mph points will be supressed. If you're approaching under any other circumstance (yellows or at danger) then it'll sound as the route wouldn't have necessarily been set from P468 and there's still a chance you may be routed across that set of points. In essence it is a magnet for the points. Makes logical sense when you've done it a few times. Similar setup for the down fast at Potters Bar for that 30mph set of points.

As for the sun visor, it'd have to be right down to the lowest position to start blocking that route indicator. Been sent that way many, many times at different times of the day throughout the year and never thought it to be an issue.
So you're saying you can approach Peterbro on the UF on greens and be routed straight across a 25/30mph junction without being checked down? With respect I find that hard to believe. The overspeed risk is huge give the 125mph approach speed. You would get checked down to P468 with an approach release or you can receive a flashing sequence for the move into P2.
 

louis97

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So you're saying you can approach Peterbro on the UF on greens and be routed straight across a 25/30mph junction without being checked down? With respect I find that hard to believe. The overspeed risk is huge give the 125mph approach speed. You would get checked down to P468 with an approach release or you can receive a flashing sequence for the move into P2.
I think they are saying that you can get checked down to P468 at Red and the AWS magnet for the 30mph speed restriction warning will still go off, even though the 30mph restriction is beyond the red. If the route is set in time you can get the flashing yellow sequence into both platform 1 and 2 - should really be approach release at red according to current standards. I wonder if these incidents will trigger a review of current non-compliant approach control arrangements on the network, I can think of a few.
 

DoubleO

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I think they are saying that you can get checked down to P468 at Red and the AWS magnet for the 30mph speed restriction warning will still go off, even though the 30mph restriction is beyond the red. If the route is set in time you can get the flashing yellow sequence into both platform 1 and 2 - should really be approach release at red according to current standards. I wonder if these incidents will trigger a review of current non-compliant approach control arrangements on the network, I can think of a few.
Yes I take the point, and as you say the additional magnet is indeed for the 30mph move into P2. My point is that as soon as this warning is received and cancelled there is nothing else to remind the driver of the speed - P468 can and will clear with a junction indicator and it is purely down to the driver to have the necessary route knowledge and driving skills to ensure the correct speed is adhered to. I'm fairly sure the flashing sequence only applies to P2 as it is the higher speed option from P468 - as you said approach release is the safer method of signalling hence the flashing sequence is rarely (or never?) used. I've certainly never been give the flashers there.
 
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You don't 'get the magnet for the points'. You receive an AWS warning for the signal at danger, irrelevant of the aspect received when it clears. The AWS system gives no indication to the driver of the route offered or the speed.

The 30 PSR warning board does come with a magnet/AWS! which you will receive if being checked down regardless of wether your going via P1, P2 or P3, you would still get it even if you're staying on the UF through P3 BUT running on cautionary aspects.
then straight after it the AWS for the signal before P468


Yes I take the point, and as you say the additional magnet is indeed for the 30mph move into P2. My point is that as soon as this warning is received and cancelled there is nothing else to remind the driver of the speed - P468 can and will clear with a junction indicator and it is purely down to the driver to have the necessary route knowledge and driving skills to ensure the correct speed is adhered to. I'm fairly sure the flashing sequence only applies to P2 as it is the higher speed option from P468 - as you said approach release is the safer method of signalling hence the flashing sequence is rarely (or never?) used. I've certainly never been give the flashers there.

This is kinda what I said in the previous post which you corrected me on????

The Lumo incident was around 10:30 whilst the Grand Central incident was around 13:00. Would the sun have been in the same or similar position?

Southbound drives on nice days, especially in Winter/Spring the low sun is usually in your face the whole way down, but having it behind you bleaching out signal aspects can be just as bad. So maybe for the Lumo incident the sun was head on, for GC maybe it was from behind so could maybe have an impact on both?
 

IanXC

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Of course Peterborough PSB is due to close in August for recontrol to York. Whether that gives any opportunity for a change in the signalling arrangements regarding this issue I have no idea.
 

zwk500

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Of course Peterborough PSB is due to close in August for recontrol to York. Whether that gives any opportunity for a change in the signalling arrangements regarding this issue I have no idea.
The transition to ETCS L2 overlay makes it a little awkward, as that will essentially solve this problem. However it also limits the value of any work in the meantime. It depends what stage the signalling design was in when the Lumo incident occurred and how much change they are willing to make at this stage.
 

AJD

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So you're saying you can approach Peterbro on the UF on greens and be routed straight across a 25/30mph junction without being checked down? With respect I find that hard to believe. The overspeed risk is huge give the 125mph approach speed. You would get checked down to P468 with an approach release or you can receive a flashing sequence for the move into P2.
Nope. Greens only apply if routed towards P440. louis97's interpretation in post #43 is correct.

The flashing yellow aspects apply to the initial 30mph turnout instead of one specific platform. Contrary to my experience with every other flashing yellow sequence, in this case it doesn't indicate a specific platform but rather it just tells you that you're being routed across those specific points. It isn't until you reach P468 where you find out whether it's platform 1 or 2 and you just slow accordingly. I was given flashing yellows in to Platform 1 quite recently while working 1A18. It's really quite straightforward once you do it a few times and frankly, for me, it's uniqueness makes it easy to remember.
 

DoubleO

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Interesting reading, I had indeed misunderstood rollingstock19's point. Having read up a little on flashing signal regs, it seems that multiple routes can be offered from one flashing sequence if the linespeeds are similar. You learn something new every day....
 

louis97

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Yes I take the point, and as you say the additional magnet is indeed for the 30mph move into P2. My point is that as soon as this warning is received and cancelled there is nothing else to remind the driver of the speed - P468 can and will clear with a junction indicator and it is purely down to the driver to have the necessary route knowledge and driving skills to ensure the correct speed is adhered to. I'm fairly sure the flashing sequence only applies to P2 as it is the higher speed option from P468 - as you said approach release is the safer method of signalling hence the flashing sequence is rarely (or never?) used. I've certainly never been give the flashers there.
Indeed - all down to route knowledge, something never to be overlooked, even at locations you don't regularly stop at. The flashers will only be displayed if the route is set and proved before the train reaches the inhibit point (if the route is set and proved after the train reaches this point the signal will be approach released at red), so its possible whenever you have driven through there the route has never been set early enough or there has been a conflicting move.
 

ainsworth74

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RAIB clearly share the concerns of some that have been shared on here regarding the problem signal as they've issued some Urgent Safety Advice today:

1. Safety issue​

Suitable arrangements may not be in place to mitigate the risk of trains travelling southbound through Spital Junction at excessive speeds when signalled from the Up Fast line onto the Up Slow lines at Peterborough station.

P468 signal, which controls this junction, is located 700 metres on the approach to the point of divergence. The signal is fitted with a position light junction indicator informing drivers of their signalled route. Under certain circumstances, the signal clears from red as a train approaches when a diverging route is set. The maximum permitted speed through the diverging junction is initially 30 mph (48 km/h), before reducing further to 25 mph (40 km/h).

Drivers who rarely experience being routed towards the slow lines when approaching Peterborough station from the north, and whose trains are not scheduled to stop at the station, may develop an expectation that their train will remain on the Up Fast line and miss some of the information provided at P468 signal when their train is being signalled onto the diverging route.

In these circumstances the distance from which a proceed aspect on P468 signal can be seen by approaching trains, and the distance from the signal to the junction, is sufficient to result in some trains being able to accelerate to speeds which could lead to derailment by overturning when passing through the junction.

2. Safety advice​

Duty holders should take immediate steps, either operationally, or by technical means, to mitigate this risk.

3. Issued to:​

Network Rail and transport undertakings who operate trains on the East Coast Main Line through Peterborough station.

4. Background​

On 17 April 2022, the driver of a Lumo service from Newcastle to London King’s Cross did not observe and react to the junction indicator on P468 signal which showed that the train was being signalled towards the slow lines at Spital Junction. Believing that his train was going to stay on the Up Fast line, he accelerated the train towards the junction and passed over it at 76 mph (122 km/h) instead of the 30 mph (48 km/h) maximum permitted speed.

On 4 May 2023, the driver of a Grand Central service from Sunderland to London King’s Cross did not observe and react to the junction indicator on P468 signal which showed that the train was being signalled towards the slow lines at Spital Junction. Believing that his train was to stay on the Up Fast line, he accelerated his train towards the junction and passed over it at 65 mph (105 km/h).

 

Deepgreen

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BBC News today carries a story about Peterborough station (helpfully illustrated with a shot of Hull!):

"Safety advice has been issued after trains travelled at more than twice the speed limit through a railway junction.
One incident saw a passenger train pass through Peterborough station at 76mph (122km/h) instead of the 30mph (48km/h) permitted speed.
The Rail Accident Investigation Branch (RAIB) said on another occasion a train passed the junction at 65mph (105km/h)."

https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cambridgeshire-65721031
 
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Bayum

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Interesting to note the RAIB state the speed was far higher and closer to the LUMO over speed event than most initially thought.
 

Deepgreen

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A point that has occured to me here is that, if trains have 'safely' negotiated these points at well over twice the 30mph limit, would there be a case for, say, a 40mph limit (and still provide the necessary passenger comfort and stability), or would the extra 10mph add no tangible benefit? Of course there would still be the issue of over-speeding to tackle if errors are made on the approach.

It’s a Lumo train pictured at Newcastle.
Sorry - mistook it for Hull Paragon - corrected now.
 

Taunton

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Does not seem to say what the relevant signal proceed aspect was showing; single/double yellow or green. I would expect single yellow. Nor an assessment of how visible the route indicator was from a distance - is it up in the OHLE? And was the next signal further ahead on the Up Fast visible on the straight line; what was that showing?

I suspect that although the layout has been there for years, sending nonstop trains round through the outer platforms has only really started since open access services began to be woven round other services.
 

zwk500

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A point that has occured to me here is that, if trains have 'safely' negotiated these points at well over twice the 30mph limit, would there be a case for, say, a 40mph limit (and still provide the necessary passenger comfort and stability), or would the extra 10mph add no tangible benefit? Of course there would still be the issue of over-speeding to tackle if errors are made on the approach.
AIUI on the Lumo, it didn't 'safely' negotiate the points - luggage was thrown from the racks and some passengers were injured when it fell.
 

John R

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As I understand it, where track geometry (curves, points etc) is the limiting factor in the speed allowed then the passenger comfort threshold is the threshold which is reached first. Which these incidents seem consistent with, in that the trains didn’t derail, but given the extreme nature of the over speed, passenger comfort was very badly impaired, to the extent of being unsafe within the carriage. But whether there would be any appetite for lowering that comfort threshold is another matter.

Of course, having determined the appropriate speed limit, other relevant factors, such as signalling, may then be designed around that limit, so a simple raising of the limit may not be possible without other, possibly costly, interventions.
 
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