But we could see a fall in population, what with Brexit and now Covid, people may be staying/returning to their home countries/families etc. I also think countries will start to develop their own manufacturing bases again rather than relying on cheap imports, which could provide work out in the regions rather than concentration in a few large cities, thus spreading people out more and reigning in the commuter flows to those cities. Our neighbour works in a Uni who usually get huge numbers of Chinese students coming to study and staying in the UK - she says they noticed a big reduction in applicants for this Autumn's intake even before Covid and virtually none have so far accepted places - so they're going to be a few hundred students short and are already looking at reducing number of courses, reducing staff numbers etc. I genuinely think the Covid will massively change the country in so many ways. At the very least, HS2 needs review after Covid is over, to see whether it's still needed in view of whatever passenger flows are by then and the political/industrial/economic landscape. It can't just carry on regardless "because we've started it".