Just attaching the 2020 map again for reference:
View attachment 113605
Note the Route Section Key.
It looks like the RS0 work is being done first:
RS0R2P is at a guess Radyr to Pontypridd - which adds up with the Gelynis Farm bridge work and masts being installed around Treforest Estate.
RS0TAF would be Taffs Well Depot.
RS0ICC would be the adjacent Integrated Control Centre.
RS0CAN would be modifications to Canton - no idea how that's going.
Finally, RS0TPS is for the Track Parallelling Sites (i.e. all the Substations; the first of which was delivered yesterday at Radyr).
Then RS1:
RS1MER for the Merthyr Tydfil line, RS1ABD for the Aberdare line, and
RS1QSS for 'Queen St South' i.e. Queen St to Radyr, Queen St to Cardiff Bay (old), Queen St to Ctl (exc.)
Next, RS2:
RS2QSN for 'Queen St North' i.e. Queen St. (exc.) to Llanishen (exc.), and Queen St (exc.) to Coryton.
RS2THT for the Treherbert Line.
RS3 seems to just be RS3CTL (the City Line) - i.e. Radyr to Ninian Park.
RS4 (well, RS4CRY) appears to be the potential extension of the Coryton Branch to the M4 Park & Ride.
Last but certainly not least, RS5:
RS5BAR is Cardiff Central (inc.) to Ninian Park & Barry Island (no OLE there).
RS5PEN is the Penarth Branch.
RS5BAY is the closure of the old Cardiff Bay station, and the opening of its replacement, along with Loudoun Square.
Finally - the big one - RS5RHY is the Rhymney Line (from Llanishen northwards).
I'd expect the work to take place in numerical order, but it looks as if it may be fluid already - weren't there some masts installed on the Aberdare line recently?