For exceptions, they're regulars on Queen Street - Anniesland and previously on the now electrified/HSTed routes out of Queen Street via Cumbernauld and Croy. They were also regulars from Glasgow Central to Edinburgh via Shotts and to Paisley Canal
158s were never used on Paisley Canal services between the departure/withdrawal of the last 101s in June/July 2000 and electrification work being completed in November/December 2012, 156s were the line's sole allocation between those two dates.
They were also seen fairly often on Whifflet Line services for a few years alongside the 156s before that line was electrified in late 2014 and intergrated into the Argyle Line. Same with the Motherwell - Cumbernauld via Coatbridge Central service (also shared with 156s prior to the full route being wired and switching to EMUs; integration with the Argyle Line came afterwards).
I was wondering if they had seen use in the Maryhill Park Junction - Knightswood North Junction section and onwards to Westerton in passenger service, and it turns out they have at least once in April 2004, when OHLE power supply problems on the Milngavie branch forced the use of DMUs (not for the first time, but 156s were the units most often utilized in such situations) on extended Queen St - Maryhill workings in place of the usual electric services and 158714 dropped onto one diagram. Caught here at Bearsden:
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158714 pulls into Bearsden with a Milngavie - Glasgow Queen St High Level via Maryhill working - 27th April 2004. Copyright of Flickr's zebedee2013)
They also appeared on occasion on the Cowlairs West Junction - Knightswood North section fairly early on in their careers, as this Railscot image dating from 1994 (copyright of Ewan Crawford) proves:
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