No. 'Till' (merchant acquiring systems) are increasingly not provided by the banks. For example, World Pay is a big merchant acquirer but was sold by RBSG some time ago. As I said, your bank cannot know what offline transactions merchants have undertaken until that data is handed over to them.
And because the speed of the transaction means retailers can 'process' more customers, employ less till staff etc. For low value transactions, it's often an acceptable risk.
The balance your bank gives you represents what they know at the time. The banks with the better IT systems will update this for ATM transactions within a minute. But they can't update with merchant data they've not been given yet. Nor can they know what cheques you have written, for example, until someone else pays it in and their bank and your friend's bank gives the cheque to your bank.
The bank will take your money off you as soon as they are aware you've made a transaction

for cheques and offline card transactions and almost any transaction overseas, this can take a day or more to trickle through.