I'm not sure the S&C could be considered a financial basket case - have you ever travelled on it in Summer? In Winter, yeah, sure, it probably operates at a loss. But the rest of the year easily makes up for it. It's not unusual for a conductor to take £200-£400 in ticket fares on a return trip from Carlisle to Skipton in Spring/Summer.
If one assumes ~31p per vehicle per mile in access charges (
see this document), assume an average of three carriages per service, a total mileage of approx. ~85 miles Skipton to Carlisle, then each return trip will cost in the region of £158 in track access. Add to this the ~4 hours of pay for driver (~£120) and conductor (~£64) for a total of ~£340. 158s do (
very roughly!) 2 mpg, giving 85 gl for a round trip. At current red diesel prices of approx. 97p per litre this costs ~£370 in diesel to get from Skipton to Carlisle and back. In total, for Northern to run an average return trip along the S&C (including Settle - Skipton), it will cost in the region of £710.
(Take all of this with a Lot's-wife of salt; Enrico Fermi would be proud!)
From personal experience, and as stated above, I would expect to take between £200 to £400 on such a round trip. This is in addition to the ticket revenue from the vast majority of passengers who buy before they board, who are often travelling quite long distances (Glasgow Central to Leeds is a common one), or the many prebooked parties, often of up to thirty or forty people. As I say, this is purely anecdotal, but based on the above estimations it would appear that referring to the S&C as 'a financial basket case' is rather misguided.