The current problem is twofold. Firstly the route and traction training backlog, exacerbated by Covid, is just about as bad as it's ever been, especially at the larger depots with multiple links. Secondly the unwillingness of government to allow Northern to solve the pay dispute means no RDW affecting both the training and coverage of diagrammed turns. The net result is a level of service unreliability that is gradually driving away more and more passengers at a time when changes to working patterns means the railways need every ticket sale they can get.
As someone who works at one of the bigger (probably the biggest) depot concerned, I can assure you that's only half correct.
Much is made of the training backlog, but frankly, that's always been a bit of a red herring. For instance, we had more crew attempting to route review one of the services that was heavily cut than could physically get out on the train. The reason for the cut back was given as "to allow staff training" - the reality was we had trained staff who actually lost competence thanks to the culling of services.
Since then, however, there has been a substantial effort to get people out road learning and, certainly at my depot, until very recently we were in a position where almost all trains were covered (despite a large route learning back-log, predominantly where a person has moved links and needs to learn a whole new route card).
The issue more recently and especially in the last few months is failure to retain crew. People are leaving left right and centre. The main quoted reason is the low morale - essentially, staff feel superfluous as services are axed around them and their route cards shrink (let's not forget the "voluntary severance schemes" that keep getting mentioned - even if these don't directly affect drivers), then there's the lack of pay rise. Further, strikes cut both ways - they debatably help the union but they create hostilities in the mess room and between colleagues. Further, lots of staff do want RDW because they're used to it and view it as part of their income. It's one of the things a lot of my colleagues want back most of all (perhaps moreso as it can be used to "top up" what youve lost from strikes). It's just miserable when you think there's no light at the end of the tunnel - so lots of people are looking elsewhere for that light.
Now the dispute will eventually be resolved even if it means waiting for a change of government. But by the time that happens who knows how much damage will have been done to ridership levels. At that point I believe it will be essential that the risk of cancellations be eliminated (as far as possible) but I am not convinced that RDW will be enough by itself to achieve this while also reducing the training backlog to a more manageable level (I totally accept that there will always be a backlog of some sort). That is why I feel a short-term boost to staffing levels would be beneficial though there may be various ways to achieve this. Restoring a happy workplace will take rather a long time I fear.
I do agree that permanent damage will be done to the industry but this was initially leveraged by the government. I could quote small examples from Northern, but the best example is cross country. There's clearly demand but there's no government impetus to restore services.
At my depot, the establishment of drivers has never changed since the heady days of Northern by arriva. In other words, we have sufficient drivers to crew all those additional services that were planned but never implemented (or, we do atleast when people aren't exiting in swathes). Bolstering the depot is unnecessary when the depots are already running with more crew than needed.
To my mind, the resolution is multifaceted but the 2 key aspirations should be:
1. Restore some form of RDW agreement
2. Recruit drivers to establishment level (though this is a long game, and even with a 6 month notice period, hard to manage against the unknown rate of staff leaving)