A bit.
The difference is more around the various systems installed on the Chiltern units - Tripcocks and CH-ATP in particular, which the driver would have to know how to safely/correctly deal with if they activated spuriously - than particularly different controls. What should a driver do when they have a tripcock activation on the Greenford Branch, what actions need to be taken if the ATP dumps the brake and shows up an E01 fault - and so on.
Controls-wise, The direction switch on a Chiltern set is rotary as on a 168/170/171/172 not fore and aft as on a GW 16x, and the layout and form of the fault diagnosis and isolation panel is very different. Nothing too drastic but still may cause some consternation.
The idea for Chiltern units was Oxford - Banburys and Greenfords, to free up two GW sets and allow hourly Cotswolds (3 diagrams).